Antioxidant Therapy for Diabetic Kidney Disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the single most common cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) with the annual costs of caring for patients with DKD exceeding more than $9 billion in the United States (Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, 2005). Every diabetic patient has up to a 40% lifetime risk to develop DKD, if the patient does not die prematurely of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (Parving, Osterby, & Ritz, 2000). DKD can present as different phenotypes, progressive and nonprogressive (Figure 1 and 2).
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